Palm kernel shell
Obtained after crude palm oil pressing; hard, high calorific fuel
- Net calorific value
- 3,800–4,500 kcal/kg
- Ash
- Max 5% by weight
- Moisture
- Max 25% by weight
Products
Palm biomass fuel is the core of the business. Kernel, meal, oils, and fatty acids are sourced for mills, feed plants, and downstream industry.
Empty fruit bunch
By-product of crude palm oil production, for power and heat
- Net calorific value
- Above 1,700 kcal/kg
- Moisture
- Max 55% by weight
Chopped empty fruit bunch
Empty fruit bunch chopped into small pieces for boilers
- Net calorific value
- Above 1,700 kcal/kg
- Moisture
- Max 50% by weight
Palm fiber
Mill fiber for power and heat
- Net calorific value
- Above 2,700 kcal/kg
- Moisture
- Max 40% by weight
Wood chip
Mixed hardwood or rubberwood, chipped to 1–2 inches for boilers
- Net calorific value
- Above 2,500 kcal/kg
- Ash
- Max 3% by weight
- Moisture
- Max 45% by weight
Kernel and meal
For kernel crushers and feed mills. Spec is agreed per lot.
Palm kernel
Off-white, hard kernels from crude palm oil milling, pressed for palm kernel oil
- Moisture
- Max 8% by weight
- T-Shell
- Max 10% by weight
- FFA
- Max 3.5% by weight
Palm kernel cake
By-product after palm kernel oil extraction, used in animal feed in place of rice bran
- Moisture
- Max 11% by weight
- Crude protein + fat
- Above 21% by weight
- Temperature
- Max 40°C
Oils and fatty acids
Spec and volume are agreed per lot, because supply follows the mill schedule.
Palm kernel fatty acid distillate
PKFAD oleochemical feedstock from palm kernel oil refining
- Free fatty acids
- Min 70%
- Moisture
- Max 1% by weight
- Crude palm oil (CPO)
- Palm acid oil (PAO)
- Crude palm kernel oil (CPKO)
- Palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD)